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>> I'M BRITTANY BROWN,

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AND I WORK IN ES62.

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THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL

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AND LIFE SUPPORT

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT BRANCH.

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>> AND I AM ENRIQUE JACKSON.

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I WORK IN MATERIALS

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AND PROCESSING LABORATORY.

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EM22 AND THE CHEMISTRY TEAM.

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>> WE ARE PARTNERING TOGETHER

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ON A CAN AND SIFT PROJECT,

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WHICH UTILIZES BOSCH CARBON

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FOR ADVANCED MANUFACTURING.

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>> MY ROLE IN THE PROJECT IS

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TO DO ALL THE THERMAL ANALYSIS,

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USING DIFFERENTIAL

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SCANNING CALORIMETRY,

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WHICH IS DSC, AND TG/DTA,

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WHICH IS THERMOGRAVIMETRY

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DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS,

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ON THESE MATERIALS.

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>> PAUL RUPAR,

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A CHEMISTRY PROFESSOR,

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AND MYSELF,

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HAD BEEN WORKING WITH

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POLYMER MATERIALS FOR A LOT--

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A BULK OF OUR CAREERS.

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AND WE MET SOME NASA PERSONNEL

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A FEW YEARS BACK,

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AND THEY LET US KNOW ABOUT SOME

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IMPORTANT RESEARCH QUESTIONS

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THAT THEY WERE TACKLING,

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AND HOW WE MIGHT BE ABLE

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TO HELP OUT WITH THAT.

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AND THE FIRST ASPECT

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OF WHAT WE'RE DOING

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IS TO DEVELOP POLYMERS

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THAT CAN SUPPORT IONIC LIQUIDS

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TO REMOVE CO2 FROM THE

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ATMOSPHERE OF SPACE CABINS

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FOR THE CREW.

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OBVIOUSLY, FOR HEALTH

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AND SAFETY CONCERNS,

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CO2 HAS TO BE REMOVED.

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WE DON'T WANNA BE

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BREATHING TOO MUCH CO2.

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IT CAUSES PROBLEMS.

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AND SO, THE FIRST THING

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WE'RE DOING IS DEVELOPING,

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LIKE I SAID, POLYMERS.

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UH, THINGS THAT LOOK LIKE THIS.

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WE'RE ABLE TO PROCESS AND,

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SPECIFICALLY, WE WANNA

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3D PRINT THESE MATERIALS.

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UH, WE'RE GONNA COMBINE

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WITH IONIC LIQUIDS,

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WHICH ARE SOLVENTS

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THAT HAVE NO VOLATILITY.

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SO THEY'RE VERY SAFE TO USE.

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UH, ESPECIALLY IN SPACE,

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WHERE THINGS MIGHT EVAPORATE.

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IT'S A VERY SAFE SOLVENT

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THAT CAN REACT WITH CO2.

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AND WHEN WE COMBINE THOSE,

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THEY'RE GONNA GRAB THE CO2

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FROM THE CABIN ATMOSPHERE

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AND MAKE THE CONDITIONS

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HOSPITABLE TOWARDS, UH,

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TOWARDS THE CREW

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IN-IN LONG-TERM, UH, MISSIONS.

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NASA IS CURRENTLY WORKING ON

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DIFFERENT OXYGEN RECOVERY

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TECHNOLOGIES FOR

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LONG DURATION MISSIONS.

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ONE TECHNOLOGY IS

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THE BOSCH PROCESS.

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THIS PROCESS TAKES METABOLIC

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CARBON DIOXIDE AND HYDROGEN

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TO PRODUCE WATER

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AND SOLID CARBON.

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AND IN THAT BOSCH REACTOR, UH,

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A REACTION-- A CHEMICAL REACTION

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HAPPENS WHERE CO2 IS COMBINED

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WITH THE HYDROGEN TO MAKE WATER,

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WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY

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A NEED FOR THE SPACE CREW.

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WE NEED DRINKING WATER.

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WE NEED WATER FOR

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ALL SORTS OF THINGS,

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TO-TO LIVE.

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UH, AND IT MAKES THAT WATER

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THAT WE CAN RECOVER AND USE,

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AS WELL AS IT MAKES SOMETHING

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CALLED, UH, BOSCH CARBON.

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WHAT DO WE DO WITH

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THE EXCESS CARBON,

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OR DOES IT CREATE A PROBLEM?

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AND, IN SOME RESPECTS,

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ONE MIGHT VIEW IT

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AS A WASTE PRODUCT.

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BUT I THINK, IN A RESOURCE

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CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENT,

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SUCH AS IN A CABIN

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FOR SPACE TRAVEL, THAT CARBON

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CAN ACTUALLY BECOME AN ASSET.

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AND ONE OF THE REALLY

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CLEVER THINGS THAT, UH,

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THE PEOPLE AT NASA

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HAD THOUGHT UP WAS TO USE

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THAT BOSCH CARBON TO INCLUDE IT

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IN POLYMERS FOR 3D PRINTING.

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ALL RIGHT, SO NOW I DON'T HAVE

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TO BRING UP AS MUCH MATERIAL

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WITH ME, UM, INTO SPACE.

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AND THEN IF I CAN USE

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THE BOSCH CARBON IN 3D PRINTING,

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I CAN MAKE WHAT I NEED,

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WHEN I NEED IT, AND I CAN

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USE THAT CARBON TO KIND OF

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EXTEND THE AMOUNT OF RESOURCES

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THAT I HAVE BY BLENDING IT

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WITH THE POLYMER.

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SO IN THIS CASE,

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WHAT WE'RE WORKING ON IS

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WE'RE TAKING SILICON RESINS.

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AND THIS IS SILICON

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WITHOUT THE CARBON.

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IT'S JUST A TRANSPARENT,

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RUBBERY MATERIAL.

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AND WE TAKE THAT BOSCH CARBON,

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HERE, AND WE BLEND IT

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WITH THE SILICON,

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AND THE SILICON IS THEN CURED.

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AND REALLY COOL,

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WHAT WE WIND UP WITH ARE PARTS

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THAT ARE COMPOSED OF SILICON

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AND BOSCH CARBON.

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SO THIS IS JUST AN EXAMPLE

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OF THE CARBON INFUSED

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IN THAT SILICON MATRIX.

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AND WE GET THESE BLACK,

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UH, MATERIALS.

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AND WE CAN USE 3D PRINTING

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TO CAST MOLDS, UH,

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OR TO CREATE MOLDS.

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AND WE CAN FILL THEM WITH THE

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BOSCH CARBON AND THE SILICON.

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AND WE CAN MAKE THINGS

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ANY SHAPE, SIZE THAT WE WANT.

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SO, AGAIN, NASA CREW WILL

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BE ABLE TO MAKE THINGS

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AS THEY NEED THEM, UH,

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FROM THINGS LIKE SILICON

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OR OTHER RESINS.

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AND USE THAT BOSCH CARBON,

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WHICH IS PRODUCED, ESSENTIALLY,

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FROM OUR BREATHING.

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BUT, OFTEN TIMES,

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THE BEST RESEARCH

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LEADS TO MORE QUESTIONS.

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SO ONE THING WE LIKE TO DO

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IS TO WORK ON REFINING

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THE BOSCH CARBON,

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IN TERMS OF ITS PARTICLE SIZE

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AND UNIFORMITY SO THAT WE GET

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EVEN BETTER PERFORMANCE

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OUT OF THE MATERIALS,